Laparoscopic ovarian cystectomy is a minimally invasive surgery to remove cysts from one or both ovaries. Using a thin, lighted tube (laparoscope) and small abdominal incisions, the procedure preserves ovarian tissue where possible.
Key Facts:
- Minimal scarring (3–4 small cuts, 0.5–1.5 cm).
- Faster recovery compared to open surgery.
- Often preserves ovarian function and fertility.
Why is it Performed?
Your gynaecologist may recommend this surgery if you have:
- Persistent or painful ovarian cysts (e.g., endometriomas, dermoid cysts).
- Suspicion of cancer (rare; cysts are usually benign).
- Cysts causing infertility or hormonal issues.
- Cysts that grow or do not resolve with monitoring.
Before the Procedure
- Pre-operative tests:
- Pelvic ultrasound/MRI to assess cyst size/location.
- Blood tests (e.g., CA-125 to check for cancer markers).
- Preparation:
- Fasting: No food/drink for 6–12 hours before surgery.
- Medications: Adjust blood thinners (e.g., aspirin) as advised.
- Bowel prep: Rarely required (your doctor will advise).
- Arrange support: Plan for someone to drive you home and assist for 1–2 days.
During the Procedure
- Anaesthesia: General anaesthesia (you’ll be asleep).
- Incisions: 3–4 small cuts in the abdomen.
- Surgery:
- The abdomen is inflated with gas for visibility.
- The laparoscope guides the surgeon to locate and remove the cyst(s).
- Cyst tissue may be sent for testing (biopsy).
- Closure: Stitches or glue seal the incisions.
- Duration: 30–90 minutes (depends on cyst complexity).
Risks and Complications
- Common (temporary):
- Shoulder/neck pain (from gas).
- Mild bloating, bruising, or vaginal spotting.
- Rare but serious:
- Infection, bleeding, or damage to nearby organs (bowel, bladder).
- Blood clots or anaesthesia reactions.
- Conversion to open surgery (larger incision).
- Reduced ovarian function (if significant tissue is removed).
Recovery
In the hospital:
- Most go home the same day or after a 1-night stay.
At home:
- Rest: Avoid heavy lifting, exercise, or driving for 1–2 weeks.
- Pain relief: Use prescribed medications or paracetamol/ibuprofen.
- Wound care: Keep incisions clean/dry; watch for redness/swelling.
- Activity:
- Gentle walks aid recovery; gradually resume normal tasks.
- Avoid sex, tampons, or swimming for 2–4 weeks.
Return to work: Typically, within 1–2 weeks (adjust based on job demands).
Long-Term Effects
- Fertility: Usually preserved unless both ovaries are severely affected.
- Hormonal changes: Rare if ovarian tissue is preserved.
- Cyst recurrence: Possible (regular follow-ups recommended).
Frequently Asked Questions
Q: Will this affect my periods?
A: Periods usually return to normal unless ovarian function is impacted.
Q: Can cysts come back?
A: Yes, but regular check-ups help detect recurrence early.
Q: Are the scars noticeable?
A: Incisions heal into small, faint marks.
Q: What if cancer is found?
A: Rare. If suspected, further treatment will be discussed promptly.
eGynaecologist Advice:
- You should seek gynaecological consultation if you develop high temperature >38°C, severe pain, heavy bleeding, or dizziness after laparoscopic procedure.
You may choose to monitor small asymptomatic cysts or hormonal treatment for certain cysts and should discuss these alternatives with your gynaecologist
