What is a Cervical Polyp?
A cervical polyp is a small, finger-like growth on the cervix (the opening to the uterus). These polyps are usually non-cancerous (benign) and often cause no symptoms. They are common in women of reproductive age, especially those who have had children or are nearing menopause.
Common Symptoms
Many polyps cause no symptoms and are found during routine exams. If symptoms occur, they may include:
- Abnormal vaginal bleeding:
- After sex (postcoital bleeding).
- Between periods.
- After menopause.
- Unusual vaginal discharge (clear, white, or yellow).
- Heavy menstrual bleeding.
Why Do Polyps Form?
The exact cause is unclear, but possible triggers include:
- Chronic inflammation or infection of the cervix.
- Hormonal changes (e.g., increased oestrogen levels).
- Clogged blood vessels near the cervix.
Diagnosis
- Pelvic exam: Your doctor may see the polyp during a routine check.
- Colposcopy: A magnifying device may be used to examine the cervix closely.
- Biopsy: Rarely, a small tissue sample is taken to rule out cancer (though most polyps are benign).
Treatment Options
Most polyps can be easily removed in your doctor’s office:
- Gentle twisting: The polyp may detach with a slight twist using forceps.
- Excision: A small tool cuts the polyp off (local anaesthesia may be used).
- Cauterization: The base of the polyp may be sealed to prevent bleeding.
The procedure takes 5–10 minutes and causes minimal discomfort.
After Removal
- You may have light spotting or cramping for 1–2 days.
- Avoid sex, tampons, or douching for 1–2 days to reduce infection risk.
- The polyp may be sent to a lab to confirm it’s benign.
Frequently Asked Questions
Q: Are cervical polyps cancerous?
A: Most are benign. Rarely, abnormal cells may require further testing.
Q: Will removal hurt?
A: You may feel mild cramping or pressure, but pain is usually minimal.
Q: Can polyps come back?
A: Yes, new polyps may form later. Regular pelvic exams help detect them early.
Q: Do polyps affect fertility or pregnancy?
A: No—they do not interfere with conception or carrying a pregnancy.
eGynaecologist Advice:
- Contact your doctor if heavy bleeding, severe pain, or fever after removal.
- Seek gynaecological opinion if symptoms return (e.g., bleeding after sex).
- There’s no guaranteed way to prevent polyps, but regular pelvic exams help catch them early.
