Laparoscopic ovarian cystectomy is a minimally invasive surgery to remove cysts from one or both ovaries. Using a thin, lighted tube (laparoscope) and small abdominal incisions, the procedure preserves ovarian tissue where possible. This procedure has advantages of
- Minimal scarring (3–4 small cuts, 0.5–1.5 cm).
- Faster recovery compared to open surgery.
- Often preserves ovarian function and fertility.
Why is it Performed?
Your gynaecologist may recommend this surgery if you have:
- Persistent or painful ovarian cysts (e.g., endometriomas, dermoid cysts).
- Suspicion of cancer (rare; cysts are usually benign).
- Cysts causing infertility or hormonal issues.
- Cysts that grow or do not resolve with monitoring.
Before the Procedure
- Pre-operative tests:
- Pelvic ultrasound/MRI to assess cyst size/location.
- Blood tests (e.g., CA-125 to check for cancer markers).
- Preparation:
- Fasting: No food/drink for 6–12 hours before surgery.
- Medications: Adjust blood thinners (e.g., aspirin) as advised.
- Bowel prep: Rarely required (your gynaecologist will advise).
- Arrange support: Plan for someone to drive you home and assist for 1–2 days.
During the Procedure
- Anaesthesia: General anaesthesia (you’ll be asleep).
- Incisions: 3–4 small cuts in the abdomen.
- Surgery:
The abdomen is inflated with gas for visibility.
The laparoscope guides the surgeon to locate and remove the cyst(s).
Cyst tissue may be sent for testing (biopsy). - Closure: Stitches or glue seal the incisions.
- Duration: 30–90 minutes (depends on cyst complexity).
Risks and Complications
- Common (temporary):
- Shoulder/neck pain (from gas).
- Mild bloating, bruising, or vaginal spotting.
- Rare but serious:
- Infection, bleeding, or damage to nearby organs (bowel, bladder).
- Blood clots or anaesthesia reactions.
- Conversion to open surgery (larger incision).
- Reduced ovarian function (if significant tissue is removed).
Recovery
In the hospital:
- Most go home the same day or after a 1-night stay.
At home:
- Rest: Avoid heavy lifting, exercise, or driving for 1–2 weeks.
- Pain relief: Use prescribed medications or paracetamol/ibuprofen.
- Wound care: Keep incisions clean/dry; watch for redness/swelling.
- Activity:
- Gentle walks aid recovery; gradually resume normal tasks.
- Avoid sex, tampons, or swimming for 2–4 weeks.
- Return to work: Typically, within 1–2 weeks (adjust based on job demands).
Long-Term Effects
- Fertility: Usually preserved unless both ovaries are severely affected.
- Hormonal changes: Rare if ovarian tissue is preserved.
- Cyst recurrence: Possible (regular follow-ups recommended).
Frequently Asked Questions
Q: Will this affect my periods?
A: Periods usually return to normal unless ovarian function is impacted.
Q: Can cysts come back?
A: Yes, but regular check-ups as annual scans with your gynaecologists help detect recurrence early.
Q: Are the scars noticeable?
A: Incisions heal into small, faint marks.
Q: What if cancer is found?
A: Rare. If suspected, further treatment will be discussed promptly.
eGynaecologist Advice
- You should seek gynaecological consultation if you develop high temperature >38°C, severe pain, heavy bleeding, or dizziness after laparoscopic procedure.
- You may choose to monitor small asymptomatic cysts or hormonal treatment for certain cysts and should discuss these alternatives with your gynaecologist
