Genital herpes is a common sexually transmitted infection (STI) caused by the herpes simplex virus (HSV), usually type 2 (HSV-2). It causes outbreaks of painful sores or blisters in the genital or anal area. Antiviral medications can manage symptoms and reduce transmission.
Key Facts
- Lifelong infection: The virus stays in your body but becomes inactive over time.
- Asymptomatic spread: The virus can spread even when no sores are visible.
- Safe management: With care, you can reduce outbreaks and protect partners.
Common Symptoms
- First outbreak (most severe):
- Painful blisters/sores on genitals, buttocks, or thighs.
- Flu-like symptoms (fever, swollen glands, body aches).
- Burning during urination.
- Recurrences: Later outbreaks are usually milder and shorter.
- Some people have no symptoms but can still spread the virus.
How is it spread?
- Sexual contact: Vaginal, anal, or oral sex with someone who has HSV.
- Skin-to-skin contact: Even without penetration or ejaculation.
- Mother-to-baby: Rarely, during childbirth (inform your gynaecologist if pregnant).
Testing & Diagnosis
- Swab test: Fluid from a sore is tested for HSV.
- Blood test: Checks for HSV antibodies (may not detect recent infections).
Treatment options
- Antiviral Medications:
Acyclovir, Valacyclovir, or Famciclovir shorten outbreaks and reduce severity.
Daily suppressive therapy (for frequent outbreaks) lowers transmission risk.
Frequently Asked Questions
Q: Can I still have sex?
A: Yes! Use condoms, avoid sex during outbreaks, and discuss risks with partners.
Q: Is there a cure?
A: No, but medications control symptoms. Outbreaks often decrease over time.
Q: Can I give herpes to my baby?
A: Risk is low with proper prenatal care. Inform your gynaecologist if pregnant to discuss delivery plans.
Q: How do I tell my partner?
A: Be honest and share facts. Many people accept the risk with precautions.
Q: Are home remedies helpful?
A: Lysine, aloe vera, or ice may soothe symptoms, but antivirals are most effective.
eGynaecologist Advice
- Herpes is very common (1 in 6 adults have HSV-2 and does not define your worth or relationships.
- You should Avoid sex during outbreaks or if you feel tingling/itching and use condoms between outbreaks
- You should contact your gynaecologist if symptoms are severe or you develop frequent outbreaks and seek gynaecological opinion if you are pregnant or planning pregnancy.
